cartilage tissue

Cartilage 
 
Hyaline cartilage in Light picture 
Cartilage tissue is both a fixed pressure as well as biegungselastisches, vascular loose supporting tissue, in the development of the plant also bony skeleton forms. It is cut and there as other binding and Stützgewebsarten from cells and the surrounding Interzellularsubstanz consisting of formed and unformed components.

Cartilages

Cartilage Free information center for cartilage structure and biology, histology for you. If wanna learn about cartilages , you need some search on google and wikipedia. following wikipedia info already presents to you. Thank you. Cartilages is a type of dense connective tissue. It is composed of collagen fibers and/or elastin fibers, and can supply smooth surfaces for the movement of articulating bones. Cartilage is found in many places in the body including the joints, the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes and the intervertebral discs. There are three main types of cartilage: elastic, hyaline, and fibrocartilage. see more at wikipedia info.

Why is cartilage important in the human body? AS SUMMARY

The cartilage is a type of dense connective tissue.
It consists of collagen fibers and / or elastin fibres, and the so-called chondrocytes, all of a company gel earth as a substance called the matrix.
The cartilage is avasculaire (no blood vessels) and nutrients are distributed through the matrix. Cartilagine different functions, particularly by providing a framework in which deposits of bones and can be equipped with smooth surfaces available to monitor the movement of articulation of the bones.
The cartilage in many places in the body, including seals assembly, chest, ear, nose, bronchial tubes and spine.
There are essentially three types of cartilage: hyaline, elastic and fibrocartilage. There are three different types of cartilage, each with specific characteristics according to their function. Hyaline cartilage Hyaline cartilage is the richest type of cartilage.
Hyaline The name derives from the Greek word hyalos, glass effect. And 'the matrix or translucent material basic research. E 'avasculaire hyaline cartilage, primarily of type II collagen. Hyaline cartilage lining of the bones is located in the joints (or the articular cartilage, as a rule, Gristle) and is also inside the bones, as a center of ossification, or the growth of bones. In addition hyaline cartilage from most forms of embryonic skeleton.

Cartilagine articular cartilage is a specialization of hyaline cartilage left at the end of long bones and not perichondrium. Cartilagine elastic Cartilagine elastic (also known as yellow cartilage) is located in the auricle of the tubes and varied as the walls of hearing loss (eustachian) tubes and larynx, and particularly in the epiglottis. The cartilage is to open the tubes. Cartilagine elastic is similar hyaline cartilage elastic, but contains packages (elastin), in the matrix. This follows a rigid structure, which is still elastic.

Cartilagine fibrous Fibrose cartilage (also known as cartilage and white) is a special type of cartilage in the difficult support, or a great force, such as the vertebral column, the public and other symphyses, and on the page or the connection tendons, ligaments to the bone. Rarely is clear dividing line between the neighbours and fibrocartilage hyaline cartilage and connective tissue. The fibrocartilage found in the spinal column contains more collagen hyaline. In addition to type II collagen found in hyaline cartilage and elastic, fibrocartilage contains collagen type I, not on the form fibrés light under the microscope.

Fibrose cartilage seems to be missing, a perichondrium, because it can not be because of collagen type I. If hyaline cartilage at the end of long bones like the femur is damaged, is often replaced by fibrocartilage not reduce the weight of forces and

Fibrocartilage

Fibrocartilage is intermediate in character between hyaline cartilage and dense connective tissue.

1. Composition and organization. Fibrocartilage is characterized by abundant type I collagen fibers; at low magnification, it closely resembles dense connective tissue. The ground sub stance contains equal amounts of dermatan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate. The matrix immediately surrounding the chondrocytes resembles that of hyaline cartilage and contains some type II collagen. The chondrocytes are distributed in columnar isogenous groups between the densely packed type I collagen bundles. There is no distinguishable perichondrium.


2. Histogenesis and growth. At sites where strong mechanical stresses occur, fibrocartilage develops from dense regular connective tissue through the transformation of fibroblasts or fibroblast like precursors into chondrocytes. Fibrocartilage growth has not been closely examined.

3. Function and location. Fibrocartilage is always associated with dense connective tissue, and the border between the two is usually indistinct. Its combination of cartilaginous ground substance and dense collagen bundles allows fibrocartilage to resist deformation under great stress; it is important in attaching bone to bone and providing restricted mobility. Sites in humans include the annulus fibrosus of the intervertebral disks, the symphysis pubis, and certain bone-ligament junctions.

B. Elastic Cartilage:

ØElastic cartilage is yellowish when fresh. It is more Rexible than hyaline cartilage .

Ø1. Composition and organization. Elastic cartilage is structurally identical to hyaline cartilage except that it contains, in addition to type II collagen fibers, a dense network of branching and anastomosing elastic fibers. This network is densest at the core of the cartilage mass and when stained with elastic stains tee, Verhoeff's or Weigert's), may obscure the organization of the tissue. The chondrocytes characteristically occur in isogenous groups. A perichondrium surrounds the elastic cartilage mass.

Ø2. Histogenesis and growth, Elastic cartilage develops from a primitive connective tissue containing wavy bundles of fibrils that differ in protein composition from both elastin and collagen. Fibroblasts eventually secrete elastin, and the fiber bundles are transformed into branching elastic fibers by an unknown mechanism. The development of chondrocytes and production of the other matrix materials is the same as in hyaline cartilage. Further growth resembles that of hyaline cartilage. 3. Function and location. Elastic cartilage provides flexible support. It occurs alone and with hyaline cartilage; the two may grade into each other in a single cartilage mass. In humans, elastic cartilage is found in the auricle of the external ear, the walls of the external auditory canals and auditory tubes, the epiglonis, and the corniculate and cuneiform cartilages of the larynx.

Hyaline Cartilage

5. Repair. Repair of cartilage fractures involves invasion of the breach by mesenchymal stem cells from the perichondrium, which then differentiate into chondrocytes. If the gap is large. a dense connective tissue scar may form.


6. Function and location. Its ability to grow rapidly while maintaining its rigidity makes hyaline cartilage an ideal fetal skeletal tissue. As fetal cartilage is replaced by bone, hyaline cartilage remains in the epiphyseal plates at the ends of lone: bones, allowing these bones to lengthen between birth and adulthood. At all ages, hyaline cartilage without a perichondrium (articular cartilage) covers the articular surfaces of bone, where its resistance to compression and its smooth texture make it a good cushion and low-friction surface. Hyaline cartilage is the most abundant and widely distributed cartilage type in the body. The costal (rib) cartilages, most of the laryngeal cartilages, the cartilaginous rings supporting the trachea, and the irregular cartilage plates in the walls of the bronchi are hyaline cartilage.

Histogenesis - Hyaline Cartilage

3. Histogenesis, All cartilage derives from embryonic mesenchyme. During the development of hyaline cartilage, mesenchymal cells retract their cytoplasmic extensions and assume a rounded shape, becoming chondroblasts; at the same time, they become more tightly packed, forming a mesenchymal condensation, or precartilage condensation. The increased cell-to-cell contact stimulates cartilage differentiation, which progresses from the center outward. Chondroblasts at the core of the condensation are the first to secrete cartilaginous matrix materials, which separate the cells again. When it is completely surrounded by cartilage matrix, a chondroblast is termed a chondrocyte. Peripheral mesenchyme condenses around the developing cartilage mass to form the fibroblast-containing. dense, regular connective tissue of the perichondrium.


4. Growth. Cartilage grows by 2 distinct processes. Both involve mitosis and the deposition of additional matrix. Matrix synthesis is enhanced by growth hormone, thyroxine, and testesterone and is inhibited by estradiol and excess cortisone.
a. Interstitial growth involves the division of existing chondrocytes and gives rise to the isogenous groups, It is important in the formation of the fetal skeleton and continues in the epiphyseal plates and articular cartilages.
b. Appositional growth involves the differentiation into chondrocytes by chondroblasts and stem cells on the inner surface of the perichondrium. It is responsible for continued increase in the girth of the cartilage masses.